The cell is the basic unit of life. All living things are made up of cells. Cells are extraordinarily complex and can be as small as a bacterium or as large as an elephant. There are many distinct types of cells, but all have some common features.

All cells have a plasma membrane that separates the interior of the cell from its environment. The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, meaning that it allows some substances to enter and exit the cell while keeping others out. Inside the cell, there is a jelly-like substance called cytoplasm that contains all of the organelles (structures with specific functions).

Each type of cell has unique organelles with specialized functions that allow them to conduct their specific roles in supporting life processes.

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