Master Isotope Table + γ & Kα (Batch 5: Z = 81–100)


ZElemKnownStableUnstablePred.GapNuclear γ (keV)f(γ) (Hz)Kα₁ (keV)f(Kα₁) (Hz)Context
81Tl3923793542614.56.32×10^2072.8711.76×10^19²⁰⁸Tl (Th chain) + XRF
82Pb4343910259351.9 / 46.58.51×10^19 / 1.12×10^1974.9691.81×10^19²¹⁴Pb, ²¹⁰Pb; XRF
83Bi410419756609.3 / 1120.3 / 1764.51.47×10^20 / 2.71×10^20 / 4.27×10^2077.1071.86×10^19²¹⁴Bi γs + XRF
84Po420421005879.2921.92×10^19α-emitter, no strong γ; XRF
85At39039935481.581.97×10^19Short-lived α; XRF theor.
86Rn390399354609.3 / 1764.51.47×10^20 / 4.27×10^2083.92.03×10^19γs via daughters; noble gas
87Fr34034814786.32.09×10^19Short-lived; XRF theor.
88Ra340348147186.24.50×10^1988.82.15×10^19²²⁶Ra tracer + XRF
89Ac330337845911.22.20×10^2091.42.21×10^19²²⁸Ac fission chain + XRF
90Th311307443238.6 / 2614.55.76×10^19 / 6.32×10^2094.02.27×10^19Th-series γs + XRF
91Pa290296940312.07.53×10^1996.72.34×10^19²³³Pa intermediate + XRF
92U2802866381001.02.42×10^2098.4392.38×10^19²³⁴mPa (U-series) + XRF
93Np200204727106.12.56×10^19(theor.)²³⁷Np γ; Kα theor.
94Pu200204727375.0 / 51.69.07×10^19 / 1.25×10^19(theor.)²³⁹Pu (fuel); Kα theor.
95Am17017402359.51.44×10^19(theor.)²⁴¹Am detectors; Kα theor.
96Cm190194526333.08.05×10^19(theor.)Cm isotopes; Kα theor.
97Bk210215029225.05.43×10^19(theor.)²⁴⁹Bk research; Kα theor.
98Cf200204727388.09.45×10^19(theor.)²⁵²Cf neutron source; Kα theor.
99Es180184325300.07.25×10^19(theor.)²⁵³Es research; Kα theor.
100Fm190194526125.03.02×10^19(theor.)²⁵⁵Fm lab-only; Kα theor.


Key terms in plain language

Open a term for a concise explanation of language used on this page.

Broadband

A general term for always-on, high-speed Internet access. Broadband can be delivered over fiber, cable, DSL, fixed wireless, cellular, or satellite networks.

Cloud Computing

Computing resources—such as applications, servers, storage, or databases—delivered from remote infrastructure and scaled as requirements change.

Cybersecurity

The practices and controls used to protect identities, devices, networks, applications, and data from unauthorized access, disruption, or manipulation.

Identity and Access Management (IAM)

The systems and policies that determine who a user is, what resources they may access, and how that access is authenticated and reviewed.

API

An application programming interface is a defined way for software systems to exchange data or request functions from one another.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Software designed to perform tasks involving prediction, classification, generation, reasoning, or decision support. Business use still requires clear data, governance, security, and human accountability.