The letter M is the 13th letter of the modern English alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Its usual name in English is em (pronounced /ˈɛm/), plural ems. The letter M is derived from the Phoenician Mem, via the Greek Mu (Μυ). Semitic Mem originally represented a nasalized labial plosive ([m]), but it had lost its nasality by 1000 BCE. Greek Mu was used to represent /m/ in Ionic dialects at first, but later it came to be used for a voiced bilabial fricative (/β/) in Attic-Ionic and Doric dialects, which was homophonous with βοῦς “ox”. In ancient Latin spelling systems, such as Old Latyn and Etruscan, ⟨M⟩ represented both [m] and [b], depending on the position within a word. During Roman times, there were many ways of indicating [b], some of which survive today; however, none appear to have been particularly widespread until after Christianization [citation needed]. Early Christian churches used ⟨Ⲙ⟩ or ⟨M⟩ for their crosses.”
The number m represents an unknown quantity or variable in mathematics. In algebraic equations, it often appears as a superscripted coefficient preceding an unknown quantity that has no other numerical value assigned to it (such as x). For example: 3x + 5 = 38 can be rewritten as 3(x + 5) = 38 using distributivity; this equation would then have two solutions: x = 8 or x = -13.”
Symbol m stands for a meter which is the SI unit of length measurement equal to approximately 39.37 inches.
There are many different ways that the letter M can be used. It can be a symbol for magnitude or an SI unit of mass. In physics, capital M denotes mass, often written as m; lowercase m stands for milli-, meaning one thousandth; μ represents micro-, meaning one millionth; and Μ represents macro-, meaning very large masses or distances outside human experience (such as in astronomy). The capital form of M has been used as a standalone symbol denoting 1 000 000 (one million) since antiquity, originally with two overstruck zeros to denote extra-large numbers such as millions and billions.
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