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A NOR gate is a fundamental digital logic gate that performs the logical NOR (NOT-OR) operation on two or more binary inputs to produce a single binary output. The output of a NOR gate is the complement of the result obtained from an OR gate. In other words, the output of a NOR gate is high (1) only when all of its input signals are low (0); otherwise, the output is low (0).

The logic symbol for a NOR gate is represented as follows:

   ----       ----
A |    |    B |    |
  | NOR |      |    |
---|    |    ---|    |
   ----       ----
     Output

In this symbol:

• A and B represent the input signals.
• The NOR symbol in the middle represents the logical NOR operation.
• The output is the complement of the OR operation’s output.

The truth table for a 2-input NOR gate is as follows:

A	B	Output
0	0	1
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	0

The truth table shows the output for all possible combinations of input values. As per the truth table, the output is 1 only when both inputs are 0; otherwise, the output is 0.

NOR gates have various applications in digital systems, including:

• Building more complex logic gates, such as AND, NOT, and XOR gates.
• Logic circuits for control and decision-making.
• Implementing universal gates that can realize any logical function.
• Memory circuits, such as static random-access memory (SRAM) cells.
• Creating latch and flip-flop circuits for sequential logic.

By combining NOR gates with other logic gates, intricate digital circuits can be designed to perform a wide range of tasks in electronic devices and systems.

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