Logic is the science of correct reasoning. It is the study of the methods and principles used to distinguish correct from incorrect reasoning. Logic is also a tool for evaluating arguments and for analyzing and constructing arguments.
There are three principal areas of logic: deductive logic, inductive logic, and informal logic. Deductive logic is the kind of reasoning that allows us to draw conclusions from certain premises or assumptions. Inductive logic is a form of reasoning that allows us to generalize based on specific evidence or observations. Informal Logic deals with everyday argumentation and persuasion outside of formal settings like mathematics or science.
Logic plays a key role in our lives whether we realize it or not. Whenever we reason, whether we are trying to figure out what to believe or do, we are using some form of logical thinking, even if our thinking isn’t always perfectly rational! When done correctly, logical thinking can help us make better decisions by providing obvious reasons for why something is true or false, good, bad, or otherwise.