Electromagnetism is one of the four fundamental forces of nature and the other three are gravity, weak interaction, and strong interaction. It is the force that governs the behavior of electrons and protons, and it is responsible for most of the physical phenomena we see in everyday life.
Electromagnetism arises from two basic principles: electricity and magnetism. Electricity is a force that causes charged particles to move; magnetism is a force that causes moving particles to create magnetic fields. Together, these two forces allow us to power our homes, run our appliances, and even light up our cities at night.
Electromagnetic waves are created when electric and magnetic fields oscillate at right angles to each other. These waves can travel through empty space or through matter (such as air or water). When they encounter an object, they can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed by that object.