- 5G: fifth-generation wireless technology for digital cellular networks; it provides faster and more stable internet connectivity and lower latency.
- Access control: The process of granting or denying specific requests to access resources in a computer system, which is based on the identity of the user or device making the request.
- API (Application Programming Interface): A set of protocols, routines, and tools for building software and applications. It specifies how software components should interact and APIs allow for communication between different systems.
- Artificial Intelligence (AI): A field of computer science that aims to create machines that can perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as recognizing speech, understanding natural language, and making decisions.
- Augmented Reality (AR): A technology that superimposes a computer-generated image or animation on a user’s view of the real world, providing an enhanced or augmented experience.
- Backup: The process of creating a copy of data or system state that can be used to restore the original in case of data loss or system failure.
- Bandwidth: A measure of the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network connection.
- Big Data: A term that refers to extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and insights otherwise hidden in traditional data analysis.
- Bit: A unit of measurement for the amount of data in a computer.
- Blockchain: A decentralized, distributed ledger technology that enables the recording and verification of transactions in a transparent and secure way, using cryptography.
- Bluetooth: A wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances, using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM band from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz.
- Botnet: A group of internet-connected devices that are infected and controlled by a common type of malware, allowing the attacker to use the devices for various activities, such as DDoS attacks or click fraud.
- Business Continuity: The process of maintaining the availability of critical business functions during and after a disruption.
- Byte: A unit of measurement for digital information that usually consists of eight bits.
- CDN (Content Delivery Network): A system of distributed servers that deliver web content to a user based on the geographic locations of the user, the origin of the web page and a content delivery server.
- Cloud computing: The delivery of computing services—including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence—over the Internet to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.
- Cloud Security: The process of protecting cloud-based systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, misuse, disruption, modification, or destruction.
- Compliance: The process of adhering to laws, regulations, standards, and policies that are relevant to an organization’s operations.
- Content Filtering: The process of controlling access to certain types of online content, such as websites or email attachments, based on predefined policies.
- Cryptography: The practice of secure communication by transforming plain text into an unreadable format, using mathematical algorithms and secret keys, to protect the confidentiality and integrity of the data.
- Cyber Insurance: Insurance coverage for losses related to cyber-attacks and other security breaches.
- Cybersecurity: The practice of protecting internet-connected systems, including hardware, software, and data, from attack, damage, or unauthorized access.
- Data Loss Prevention (DLP): A security approach that aims to prevent the unauthorized sharing, copying, or removal of sensitive data.
- Data Privacy: The protection of personal information, such as name, address, and social security number, from unauthorized access or use.
- DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service): An attack in which multiple devices, often compromised through a botnet, are used to flood a target device or network with traffic, making it unavailable to legitimate users.
- Deep Learning: A subset of machine learning that uses neural networks with multiple layers, where each layer processes the input to extract a set of features and the next layer uses those features to extract a higher-level set of features.
- DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): A protocol used to dynamically assign IP addresses to devices on a network.
- Digital Signatures: A digital code that is generated by encrypting a message or document with a private key, used to verify the authenticity of the sender and the integrity of the message.
- Disaster Recovery: The process of restoring normal operations after a disaster or other disruption, such as a cyber-attack, power outage, or natural disaster.
- DNS (Domain Name System): A system that translates domain names (such as www.solveforce.com) into IP addresses.
- DNS server: A server that stores information about domain names and their associated IP addresses, and responds to DNS queries.
- Edge computing: A distributed computing paradigm that brings compute, storage, and applications closer to the location where data is created, in order to improve response times and save on bandwidth.
- Encryption at Rest: The process of encrypting data when it is stored, to protect it from being accessed or read by unauthorized parties.
- Encryption in Transit: The process of encrypting data as it is transmitted over a network, to protect it from being intercepted or read by unauthorized parties.
- Encryption: The process of converting plain text into a coded format that can only be deciphered by someone with the correct key or password.
- Endpoint Security: A security approach that focuses on securing the various endpoints, such as laptops, smartphones, and servers, that are used to access an organization’s network and resources.
- Firewall: A security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on a set of security rules.
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): A protocol used to transfer files between computers on a network.
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): A protocol used to transfer data over the internet, typically used to transmit data from web servers to web browsers.
- HTTPS (HTTP Secure): A secure version of HTTP that uses SSL/TLS to encrypt data transmitted between a web server and a web browser.
- Human Firewall: The practice of educating and training employees on how to identify and respond to potential security threats and breaches.
- IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): A category of cloud computing services that provides virtualized computing resources over the internet.
- Identity and Access Management (IAM): The security discipline that enables the right individuals to access the right resources at the right times for the right reasons.
- IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol): A protocol used to access email stored on a server.
- Incident Response: The process of identifying, containing, and resolving an incident, such as a security breach or system failure.
- Internet: A global network of interconnected computers and servers that use the Internet Protocol (IP) to transmit data.
- Intrusion Detection and Prevention (IDPS): A security approach that monitors network traffic for signs of malicious activity and takes action to prevent or mitigate an attack.
- IoT (Internet of Things): The network of physical devices, vehicles, buildings, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and connectivity which enables these objects to connect and exchange data.
- IP address: A numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.
- IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4): The fourth version of the Internet Protocol, it is the most widely used IP address protocol today and IPv4 addresses are 32-bit numbers, typically represented in “dotted decimal” notation (e.g. 192.168.1.1).
- IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6): The latest version of the Internet Protocol, it is designed to eventually replace IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are 128-bit numbers, typically represented in hexadecimal notation (e.g. 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334).
- ISP (Internet Service Provider): A company that provides internet access to customers.
- Key Management: The process of creating, distributing, storing, and revoking cryptographic keys.
- LAN (Local Area Network): A computer network that connects devices in a limited geographical area such as a home, office, or building.
- Latency: The time it takes for a packet of data to travel from one point to another on a network.
- List all Internet related terminology and definitions.
- M2M (Machine to Machine): Communication between machines, devices, and sensors without human intervention.
- Machine learning: A type of AI that allows systems to learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed automatically.
- Malware: Short for malicious software, it refers to any software designed to harm or exploit a computer system.
- Mobile Computing: The use of mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, to access and process information, connect to the internet, and run applications.
- NAT (Network Address Translation): A technique used in networking to map one IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device. It allows multiple devices on a private network to share a single public IP address.
- Natural Language Processing (NLP): A field of AI that focuses on the interaction between computers and human languages, in both written and spoken forms, and the use of computers to process, understand, and generate human language.
- Network Security: The process of protecting an organization’s network and resources from unauthorized access, misuse, disruption, modification, or destruction.
- NFC (Near Field Communication): A set of communication protocols that enable two devices to communicate when they are brought close together, typically within a few centimeters.
- NoSQL: A database that does not use a fixed schema and is optimized for handling large amounts of unstructured data, such as JSON or XML documents.
- P2P (Peer-to-Peer): A computer network in which each computer acts as a client and a server, allowing users to share files and other resources directly without needing a central server.
- PaaS (Platform as a Service): A category of cloud computing services that provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications without the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure typically associated with developing and launching an app.
- Packet: A unit of data that is transmitted over a network.
- Patch Management: The process of identifying, testing, and deploying software updates and security patches to fix vulnerabilities and improve the stability and security of a system.
- Penetration Testing: A security assessment method in which simulated attacks are carried out against a system or network to evaluate its security and identify vulnerabilities that attackers could exploit.
- Phishing: The practice of tricking individuals into giving away sensitive information, such as login credentials or credit card numbers, through the use of fake websites or emails.
- POP (Post Office Protocol): This protocol retrieves email from a server.
- Public Key Infrastructure (PKI): A system of digital certificates, public-private key pairs, and certificate authorities used to secure communications and transactions over a network.
- Quantum computing: A computing paradigm that uses quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data.
- Ransomware: A type of malware that encrypts a victim’s files, making them inaccessible until a ransom is paid to the attacker.
- RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol): A protocol that allows a user to remotely access and control another computer over a network connection.
- Risk Management: The process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks and implementing measures to mitigate or avoid them.
- Robotics: The branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.
- Ronald Legarski: General Electrician & I.T. Specialist.
- Router: A device that forwards data packets between computer networks.
- SaaS (Software as a Service): A software licensing and delivery model in which software is provided over the internet, on a subscription basis, rather than being installed on individual computers.
- Sandboxing: A security technique in which an application or process is run in a controlled environment, isolated from other parts of the system, to prevent any malicious actions from affecting the rest of the system.
- Security Auditing: The process of reviewing and analyzing system and network logs, configurations, and other data to identify security issues and compliance violations.
- Security Information and Event Management (SIEM): A security approach that collects and analyzes security-related data from various sources to detect and respond to security threats.
- Single Sign-On (SSO): A method of authentication that allows users to provide their credentials once and then access multiple applications or services with a single set of credentials.
- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): A protocol used to send and receive email over the internet.
- Spam: Unsolicited or unwanted electronic messages, typically sent bulk to many recipients.
- SQL (Structured Query Language): A standard programming language used to manage and manipulate relational databases.
- SSH (Secure Shell): A secure network protocol to remotely access and manage network devices.
- SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) / TLS (Transport Layer Security): A security protocol used to establish a secure connection between a web server and a web browser.
- Streaming: A method of delivering media (such as video or audio) over the internet in a way that allows the viewer or listener to start watching or listening before the entire file has been transmitted.
- Switch: A device that connects multiple devices on a network and forwards data packets between them.
- Tokenization: A security technique in which sensitive data, such as credit card numbers, are replaced with non-sensitive data, such as a random number, to protect the original data from being compromised.
- Two-factor authentication (2FA): A method of confirming a user’s claimed identity by combining two different components. These are typically something the user knows (a password or a PIN), something the user has (a smart card or a token), and something the user is (fingerprint, facial recognition, or a retina scan).
- Virtual Reality (VR): A technology that creates a computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional environment that can be interacted with using specialized equipment, such as a VR headset, allowing a user to experience and interact with a virtual world.
- VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network): A logical grouping of network devices configured to communicate as if they were on the same physical network segment, even though they may be physically located on different segments of a LAN.
- VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol): A technology that allows users to make phone calls using a computer or mobile device with an internet connection.
- VPN (Virtual Private Network): A private network built on top of a public infrastructure, using encryption and other security mechanisms to ensure that only authorized users can access the network and that unauthorized users cannot intercept the data.
- VPN (Virtual Private Network): A technology that allows users to securely access a private network over the internet.
- VPN Tunneling: A method of securely extending a private network over a public network, such as the internet, by creating a virtual tunnel between two devices.
- Vulnerability Assessment: The process of identifying and assessing security vulnerabilities in a system or network to prioritize and address them.
- WAN (Wide Area Network): A computer network that connects devices in a larger geographical area such as a city, country, or even across multiple countries.
- Web server: A server that stores and delivers web pages over the internet.
- Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity): A technology that uses radio waves to provide wireless high-speed Internet and network connections.
- Zero Trust: A security model that assumes all devices, networks, and users are untrusted and must be verified before allowing access to resources.
Please note that this is a non-exhaustive list, and many more terms and concepts related to the internet and technology are not included in this list.