Smartphones emit electromagnetic waves, specifically radio waves, for various wireless communication purposes. These waves are part of the electromagnetic spectrum and are generally categorized as radiofrequency (RF) waves.

Here’s a brief overview of the types of waves emitted by smartphones:

Cellular Signals: Smartphones emit radio waves to communicate with cellular towers. These waves include:

  • GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications): Used for 2G networks.
  • CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access): Used for some 2G and 3G networks.
  • LTE (Long-Term Evolution): Used for 4G networks.
  • 5G: The latest generation of wireless technology, which uses higher-frequency radio waves for faster data transfer.

Wi-Fi: Smartphones also emit radio waves for Wi-Fi communication. Wi-Fi operates in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands, depending on the network and device.

Bluetooth: Bluetooth is another wireless technology used for short-range communication between smartphones and other devices. It operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency range.

NFC (Near Field Communication): NFC is used for contactless communication at very short distances. It operates at a frequency of 13.56 MHz.

GPS (Global Positioning System): While not emitted by the smartphone itself, smartphones receive GPS signals from satellites to determine their location.

It’s important to note that the electromagnetic waves emitted by smartphones, like other wireless devices, are generally considered non-ionizing radiation, which means they do not have enough energy to ionize atoms or molecules and cause cellular damage as ionizing radiation (e.g., X-rays or gamma rays) can. Nevertheless, regulatory agencies set limits on the exposure to these waves to ensure safety.

Smartphone manufacturers also implement safety features, such as SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) values, to indicate the amount of RF energy absorbed by the body when using a smartphone. Users are encouraged to follow safety guidelines and use hands-free accessories when necessary to minimize exposure to RF waves.