System Instructions Per Second Timeline
| Processor / System | Dhrystone MIPS or MIPS, and frequency | D instructions per clock cycle | D instructions per clock cycle per core | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UNIVAC I | 0.002 MIPS at 2.25 MHz | 0.0008 | 0.0008 | 1951 |
| IBM 7030 (“Stretch”) | 1.200 MIPS at 3.30 MHz | 0.364 | 0.364 | 1961 |
| CDC 6600 | 10.00 MIPS at 10.00 MHz | 1 | 1 | 1965 |
| Intel 4004 | 0.092 MIPS at 0.740 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 0.124 | 0.124 | 1971 |
| IBM System/370 Model 158 | 0.640 MIPS at 8.696 MHz | 0.0736 | 0.0736 | 1972 |
| Intel 8080 | 0.290 MIPS at 2.000 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 0.145 | 0.145 | 1974 |
| Cray 1 | 160.0 MIPS at 80.00 MHz | 2 | 2 | 1975 |
| MOS Technology 6502 | 0.430 MIPS at 1.000 MHz | 0.43 | 0.43 | 1975 |
| Intel 8080A | 0.435 MIPS at 3.000 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 0.145 | 0.145 | 1976 |
| Zilog Z80 | 0.580 MIPS at 4.000 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 0.145 | 0.145 | 1976 |
| Motorola 6802 | 0.500 MIPS at 1.000 MHz | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1977 |
| IBM System/370 Model 158-3 | 0.730 MIPS at 8.696 MHz | 0.0839 | 0.0839 | 1977 |
| VAX-11/780 | 1.000 MIPS at 5.000 MHz | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1977 |
| Motorola 6809 | 0.420 MIPS at 1.000 MHz | 0.42 | 0.42 | 1978 |
| Intel 8086 | 0.330 MIPS at 5.000 MHz | 0.066 | 0.066 | 1978 |
| Fujitsu MB8843 | 2.000 MIPS at 2.000 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 1 | 1 | 1978 |
| Intel 8088 | 0.750 MIPS at 10.00 MHz | 0.075 | 0.075 | 1979 |
| Motorola 68000 | 1.400 MIPS at 8.000 MHz | 0.175 | 0.175 | 1979 |
| Zilog Z8001/Z8002 | 1.5 MIPS at 6 MHz | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1979 |
| Intel 8035/8039/8048 | 6 MIPS at 6 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 1 | 1 | 1980 |
| Fujitsu MB8843/MB8844 | 6 MIPS at 6 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 1 | 1 | 1980 |
| Zilog Z80/Z80H | 1.16 MIPS at 8 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 0.145 | 0.145 | 1981 |
| Motorola 6802 | 1.79 MIPS at 3.58 MHz | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1981 |
| Zilog Z8001/Z8002B | 2.5 MIPS at 10 MHz | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1981 |
| MOS Technology 6502 | 2.522 MIPS at 5.865 MHz | 0.43 | 0.43 | 1981 |
| Intel 80286 | 1.28 MIPS at 12 MHz | 0.107 | 0.107 | 1982 |
| Motorola 68000 | 2.188 MIPS at 12.5 MHz | 0.175 | 0.175 | 1982 |
| Motorola 68010 | 2.407 MIPS at 12.5 MHz | 0.193 | 0.193 | 1982 |
| NEC V20 | 4 MIPS at 8 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1982 |
| LINKS-1 Computer Graphics System (257-processor) | 642.5 MIPS at 10 MHz | 2.5 | 0.25 | 1982 |
| Texas Instruments TMS32010 | 5 MIPS at 20 MHz | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1983 |
| NEC V30 | 5 MIPS at 10 MHz (Not Dhrystone) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1983 |
| Motorola 68010 | 3.209 MIPS at 16.67 MHz | 0.193 | 0.193 | 1984 |
| Motorola 68020 | 4.848 MIPS at 16 MHz | 0.303 | 0.303 | 1984 |
| Hitachi HD63705 | 2 MIPS at 2 MHz | 1 | 1 | 1985 |
| Intel i386DX | 2.15 MIPS at 16 MHz | 0.134 | 0.134 | 1985 |
| Hitachi-Motorola 68HC000 | 3.5 MIPS at 20 MHz | 0.175 | 0.175 | 1985 |
| Intel 8751 | 1 MIPS at 12 MHz | 0.083 | 0.083 | 1985 |
| Sega System 16 (4-processor) | 16.33 MIPS at 10 MHz | 4.083 | 1.020 | 1985 |
| ARM2 | 4 MIPS at 8 MHz | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1986 |
| Texas Instruments TMS34010 | 6 MIPS at 50 MHz | 0.12 | 0.12 | 1986 |
| NEC V70 | 6.6 MIPS at 20 MHz | 0.33 | 0.33 | 1987 |
| Motorola 68030 | 9 MIPS at 25 MHz | 0.36 | 0.36 | 1987 |
| Gmicro/200 | 10 MIPS at 20 MHz | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1987 |
| Texas Instruments TMS320C20 | 12.5 MIPS at 25 MHz | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1987 |
| Analog Devices ADSP-2100 | 12.5 MIPS at 12.5 MHz | 1 | 1 | 1987 |
| Texas Instruments TMS320C25 | 25 MIPS at 50 MHz | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1987 |
| Motorola 68020 | 10 MIPS at 33 MHz | 0.303 | 0.303 | 1988 |
| Motorola 68030 | 18 MIPS at 50 MHz | 0.36 | 0.36 | 1988 |
| Namco System 21 (10-processor) | 73.927 MIPS at 25 MHz | 2.957 | 0.296 | 1988 |
| Intel i386DX | 4.3 MIPS at 33 MHz | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1989 |
| Intel i486DX | 8.7 MIPS at 25 MHz | 0.348 | 0.348 | 1989 |
| NEC V80 | 16.5 MIPS at 33 MHz | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1989 |
| Intel i860 | 25 MIPS at 25 MHz | 1 | 1 | 1989 |
| Atari Hard Drivin’ (7-processor) | 33.573 MIPS at 50 MHz | 0.671 | 0.0959 | 1989 |
| NEC SX-3 (4-processor) | 680 MIPS at 400 MHz | 1.7 | 0.425 | 1989 |
| ARM3 | 12 MIPS at 25 MHz | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1989 |
| Motorola 68040 | 44 MIPS at 40 MHz | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1990 |
| Namco System 21 (Galaxian³) (96-processor) | 1,660.386 MIPS at 40 MHz | 41.51 | 0.432 | 1990 |
| AMD Am386 | 9 MIPS at 40 MHz | 0.225 | 0.225 | 1991 |
| Intel i486DX | 11.1 MIPS at 33 MHz | 0.336 | 0.336 | 1991 |
| Intel i860 | 50 MIPS at 50 MHz | 1 | 1 | 1991 |
| Intel i486DX2 | 25.6 MIPS at 66 MHz | 0.388 | 0.388 | 1992 |
| Alpha 21064 | 86 MIPS at 150 MHz | 0.573 | 0.573 | 1992 |
| Alpha 21064 | 135 MIPS at 200 MHz | 0.675 | 0.675 | 1993 |
| MIPS R4400 | 85 MIPS at 150 MHz | 0.567 | 0.567 | 1993 |
| Gmicro/500 | 132 MIPS at 66 MHz | 2 | 2 | 1993 |
| IBM-Motorola PowerPC 601 | 157.7 MIPS at 80 MHz | 1.971 | 1.971 | 1993 |
| SGI Onyx RealityEngine2 (36-processor) | 2,640 MIPS at 150 MHz | 17.6 | 0.489 | 1993 |
| Namco Magic Edge Hornet Simulator (36-processor) | 2,880 MIPS at 150 MHz | 19.2 | 0.533 | 1993 |
| ARM7 | 40 MIPS at 45 MHz | 0.889 | 0.889 | 1994 |
| Intel DX4 | 70 MIPS at 100 MHz | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1994 |
| Motorola 68060 | 110 MIPS at 75 MHz | 1.33 | 1.33 | 1994 |
| Intel Pentium | 188 MIPS at 100 MHz | 1.88 | 1.88 | 1994 |
| Microchip PIC16F | 5 MIPS at 20 MHz | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1995 |
| IBM-Motorola PowerPC 603e | 188 MIPS at 133 MHz | 1.414 | 1.414 | 1995 |
| ARM 7500FE | 35.9 MIPS at 40 MHz | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1996 |
| IBM-Motorola PowerPC 603ev | 423 MIPS at 300 MHz | 1.41 | 1.41 | 1996 |
| Intel Pentium Pro | 541 MIPS at 200 MHz | 2.7 | 2.7 | 1996 |
| Hitachi SH-4 | 360 MIPS at 200 MHz | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1997 |
| IBM-Motorola PowerPC 750 | 525 MIPS at 233 MHz | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1997 |
| Zilog eZ80 | 80 MIPS at 50 MHz | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1999 |
| Intel Pentium III | 2,054 MIPS at 600 MHz | 3.4 | 3.4 | 1999 |
| Sega Naomi Multiboard (32-processor) | 6,400 MIPS at 200 MHz | 32 | 1 | 1999 |
| Freescale MPC8272 | 760 MIPS at 400 MHz | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2000 |
| AMD Athlon | 3,561 MIPS at 1.2 GHz | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2000 |
| Silicon Recognition ZISC 78 | 8,600 MIPS at 33 MHz | 260.6 | 260.6 | 2000 |
| ARM11 | 515 MIPS at 412 MHz | 1.25 | 1.25 | 2002 |
| AMD Athlon XP 2500+ | 7,527 MIPS at 1.83 GHz | 4.1 | 4.1 | 2003 |
| Pentium 4 Extreme Edition | 9,726 MIPS at 3.2 GHz | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2003 |
| Microchip PIC10F | 1 MIPS at 4 MHz | 0.25 | 0.25 | 2004 |
| ARM Cortex-M3 | 125 MIPS at 100 MHz | 1.25 | 1.25 | 2004 |
| Nios II | 190 MIPS at 165 MHz | 1.13 | 1.13 | 2004 |
| MIPS32 4KEc | 356 MIPS at 233 MHz | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2004 |
| VIA C7 | 1,799 MIPS at 1.3 GHz | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2005 |
| ARM Cortex-A8 | 2,000 MIPS at 1.0 GHz | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2005 |
| AMD Athlon FX-57 | 12,000 MIPS at 2.8 GHz | 4.3 | 4.3 | 2005 |
| AMD Athlon 64 3800+ X2 (2-core) | 14,564 MIPS at 2.0 GHz | 7.3 | 3.6 | 2005 |
| PowerPC G4 MPC7448 | 3,910 MIPS at 1.7 GHz | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2005 |
| ARM Cortex-R4 | 450 MIPS at 270 MHz | 1.66 | 1.66 | 2006 |
| MIPS32 24K | 604 MIPS at 400 MHz | 1.51 | 1.51 | 2006 |
| PS3 Cell BE (PPE only) | 10,240 MIPS at 3.2 GHz | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2006 |
| IBM Xenon CPU (3-core) | 19,200 MIPS at 3.2 GHz | 6.0 | 2.0 | 2005 |
| AMD Athlon FX-60 (2-core) | 18,938 MIPS at 2.6 GHz | 7.3 | 3.6 | 2006 |
| Intel Core 2 Extreme X6800 (2-core) | 27,079 MIPS at 2.93 GHz | 9.2 | 4.6 | 2006 |
| Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6700 (4-core) | 49,161 MIPS at 2.66 GHz | 18.4 | 4.6 | 2006 |
| MIPS64 20Kc | 1,370 MIPS at 600 MHz | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2007 |
| P.A. Semi PA6T-1682M | 8,800 MIPS at 1.8 GHz | 4.4 | 4.4 | 2007 |
| Qualcomm Scorpion (Cortex A8-like) | 2,100 MIPS at 1 GHz | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2008 |
| Intel Atom N270 | 3,846 MIPS at 1.6 GHz | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2008 |
| Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9770 (4-core) | 59,455 MIPS at 3.2 GHz | 18.6 | 4.6 | 2008 |
| Intel Core i7 920 (4-core) | 82,300 MIPS at 2.93 GHz | 28.089 | 7.022 | 2008 |
| ARM Cortex-M0 | 45 MIPS at 50 MHz | 0.9 | 0.9 | 2009 |
| ARM Cortex-A9 (2-core) | 7,500 MIPS at 1.5 GHz | 5.0 | 2.5 | 2009 |
| AMD Phenom II X4 940 Black Edition | 42,820 MIPS at 3.0 GHz | 14.3 | 3.5 | 2009 |
| AMD Phenom II X6 1100T | 78,440 MIPS at 3.3 GHz | 23.7 | 3.9 | 2010 |
| Intel Core i7 Extreme Edition 980X (6-core) | 147,600 MIPS at 3.33 GHz | 44.7 | 7.46 | 2010 |
| ARM Cortex A5 | 1,256 MIPS at 800 MHz | 1.57 | 1.57 | 2011 |
| ARM Cortex A7 | 2,850 MIPS at 1.5 GHz | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2011 |
| Qualcomm Krait (Cortex A15-like, 2-core) | 9,900 MIPS at 1.5 GHz | 6.6 | 3.3 | 2011 |
| AMD E-350 (2-core) | 10,000 MIPS at 1.6 GHz | 6.25 | 3.125 | 2011 |
| Nvidia Tegra 3 (Quad core Cortex-A9) | 13,800 MIPS at 1.5 GHz | 9.2 | 2.5 | 2011 |
| Samsung Exynos 5250 (Cortex-A15-like 2-core) | 14,000 MIPS at 2.0 GHz | 7.0 | 3.5 | 2011 |
| Intel Core i5-2500K (4-core) | 83,000 MIPS at 3.3 GHz | 25.152 | 6.288 | 2011 |
| Intel Core i7 875K | 92,100 MIPS at 2.93 GHz | 31.4 | 7.85 | 2011 |
| AMD FX-8150 (8-core) | 90,749 MIPS at 3.6 GHz | 25.2 | 3.15 | 2011 |
| Intel Core i7 2600K (4-core) | 117,160 MIPS at 3.4 GHz | 34.45 | 8.61 | 2011 |
| Intel Core i7-3960X (6-core) | 176,170 MIPS at 3.3 GHz | 53.38 | 8.89 | 2011 |
| AMD FX-8350 (8-core) | 97,125 MIPS at 4.2 GHz | 23.1 | 2.9 | 2012 |
| AMD FX-9590 (8-core) | 115,625 MIPS at 5.0 GHz | 23.1 | 2.9 | 2012 |
| Intel Core i7 3770K (4-core) | 106,924 MIPS at 3.9 GHz | 27.4 | 6.9 | 2012 |
| Intel Core i7 4770K (4-core) | 133,740 MIPS at 3.9 GHz | 34.29 | 8.57 | 2013 |
| Intel Core i7 5960X (8-core) | 298,190 MIPS at 3.5 GHz | 85.2 | 10.65 | 2014 |
| Raspberry Pi 2 (quad-core ARM Cortex A7) | 4,744 MIPS at 1.0 GHz | 4.744 | 1.186 | 2014 |
| Intel Core i7 6950X (10-core) | 320,440 MIPS at 3.5 GHz | 91.55 | 9.16 | 2016 |
| ARM Cortex A73 (4-core) | 71,120 MIPS at 2.8 GHz | 25.4 | 6.35 | 2016 |
| ARM Cortex A75 | ? | ? | 8.2-9.5 | 2017 |
| ARM Cortex A76 | ? | ? | 10.7-12.4 | 2018 |
| ARM Cortex A53 | 2,300 MIPS at 1 GHz | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2012 |
| ARM Cortex A35 | 2,100 MIPS at 1 GHz | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2015 |
| ARM Cortex A72 | 15,750 to 18,375 at 2,5 GHz | 6,3 to 7,35 | 6,3 to 7,35 | 2015 |
| ARM Cortex A57 | 10,250 to 11,750 at 2,5 GHz | 4,1 to 4,7 | 4,1 to 4,7 | 2012 |
| Sitara AM64x ARM Cortex A53 (2-core) | 5,992 MIPS at 1 GHz | 6 | 3 | 2021 |
| AMD Ryzen 7 1800X (8-core) | 304,510 MIPS at 3.7 GHz | 82.3 | 10.29 | 2017 |
| Intel Core i7-8086K (6-core) | 221,720 MIPS at 5.0 GHz | 44.34 | 7.39 | 2018 |
| Intel Core i9-9900K (8-core) | 412,090 MIPS at 4.7 GHz | 87.68 | 10.96 | 2018 |
| AMD Ryzen 9 3950X (16-core) | 749,070 MIPS at 4.6 GHz | 162.84 | 10.18 | 2019 |
| AMD Ryzen Threadripper 3990X (64 core) | 2,356,230 MIPS at 4.35 GHz | 541.66 | 8.46 | 2020 |