A service lateral, also known as a lateral line or simply “lateral,” is an electrical distribution term used to describe the underground portion of an electrical service connection. It refers to the electrical conductors and associated components that extend from the main distribution lines or transformers in the street to the service point on a customer’s property. The service lateral is a crucial link in the delivery of electrical power to a building or facility.
Key points about service laterals include:
- Underground Connection: Unlike service drops, which are overhead, service laterals are located underground. They consist of underground cables, conduits, and other components.
- Connection Point: The service lateral connects to the customer’s electrical service entrance equipment, typically near or within the customer’s property. This connection allows electricity to enter the customer’s electrical system.
- Protection and Conduit: Service laterals are often enclosed within protective conduits or ducts buried underground. This helps safeguard the conductors from physical damage and moisture. Conduits also make it easier to replace or upgrade the conductors if needed.
- Utility Responsibility: The utility company is responsible for the installation and maintenance of the service lateral up to the service point or connection point. This includes ensuring that the conductors are properly sized and protected.
- Customer Responsibility: The customer is typically responsible for the portion of the electrical system beyond the service point, including the service entrance equipment, meter socket, and internal wiring within their building.
- Service Lateral Sizing: The size and capacity of the service lateral conductors are determined based on the customer’s electrical load requirements. Larger service laterals are used for buildings with higher power demands.
Service laterals play a critical role in providing electrical power to homes, businesses, and other facilities. They must be installed and maintained to meet safety and code requirements, ensuring the reliable and safe delivery of electricity to customers. The specific design and installation of service laterals can vary based on local regulations and utility company practices.