The DIKW Pyramid represents a model that describes the hierarchical relationship between data, information, knowledge, and wisdom. This model is sometimes called the DIKW Hierarchy or the Data Hierarchy. Here’s a concise breakdown of the DIKW Pyramid:
Data:
- Definition: Raw, unprocessed facts and figures without context. It represents mere symbols or events, not interpreted or processed.
- Example: A collection of temperatures from various cities.
Information:
- Definition: Data that has been given meaning by way of relational connection. This involves categorizing, calculating, correlating, comparing, or any other process that adds structure to data.
- Example: Knowing that the average temperature in City A was 25°C last summer, which is 5°C above its historical average.
Knowledge:
- Definition: The understanding and application of information. It represents a pattern that data and information begin to form when combined with understanding and experiences. It’s actionable and can lead to decision-making.
- Example: Knowing that when the temperature in City A rises above 23°C, sales of air conditioners go up based on historical data.
Wisdom:
- Definition: The ability to make sound decisions and judgments based on knowledge. It adds a layer of judgment, insight, moral, or ethical considerations to knowledge.
- Example: Deciding to increase the stock of air conditioners in City A’s stores in anticipation of a warm summer, taking into account various factors like supply chain constraints, potential risks, and the environmental impact.
The progression from data to wisdom involves adding meaning, context, understanding, and ethical judgment. The DIKW Pyramid is often used in the context of knowledge management, information science, and some areas of philosophy to explain how one might move from one level to the next and the distinctions between each level.