P
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a widely adopted data link layer protocol used to establish and manage a direct point-to-point connection between two network nodes. It provides a standardized method for transmitting data packets over serial links, such as dial-up connections, leased lines, or satellite links. I. Purpose and Function of PPP The primary purpose of… Read More
Continue ReadingThe presentation layer is the sixth layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. It is responsible for translating data from a common format to one that can be understood by the application. This process allows diverse types of data to be presented in a consistent manner. The presentation layer also provides encryption and compression… Read More
Continue ReadingThe physical layer also known as PHY is the lowest layer in the OSI model of computer networking. This layer is responsible for transmitting raw data bits over a physical medium such as copper wire, optical fiber, or radio waves. The physical layer defines the electrical, mechanical, and procedural characteristics of the interface between a… Read More
Continue Readingpulse²
Continue Reading