| Solid | Quartz (SiO2), Calcite (CaCO3), Chitin, Starch | Inorganic minerals, Organic chemicals | Fixed shape/volume, structural role in soil, organisms |
| Liquid | Water (H2O), Triacylglycerol (TAG), Phospholipids (membranes) | Inorganic chemicals, Organic chemicals | Flowing phase, solvent, transport medium |
| Gas | Oxygen (O2), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Nitrogen (N2), DMS (C2H6S) | Inorganic chemicals, Algae metabolites | Atmosphere–biosphere exchange, respiration, photosynthesis |
| Plasma | Ionized gases in lightning, solar wind | Physical environment | High-energy state, electrons dissociated from nuclei |
| Bose–Einstein Condensate | Ultra-cooled rubidium atoms | Experimental physics | At ~0 K, particles occupy lowest quantum state collectively |
| Fermionic Condensate | Ultra-cold fermions (e.g., lithium-6 atoms) | Experimental physics | Superfluid-like quantum phase for fermions |
| Superfluid | Helium-4 below 2.17 K | Physics of cryogenics | Zero viscosity flow, quantum vortices |
| Supercritical Fluid | CO2 above 31 °C and 7.38 MPa | Industrial/biochemical processing | Properties of both gas and liquid, used in extraction |
| Quark–Gluon Plasma | Early-universe matter state | High-energy particle physics | Quarks & gluons unconfined, extreme temperatures/energies |
| Degenerate Matter | White dwarf core material | Astrophysics | Electron-degenerate matter, extreme density |
